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Pratik Kulkarni

Pratik Kulkarni

Pratik has spent a decade specializing in AWS infrastructure and cloud economics, delivering projects across startups and mid-size companies. He holds AWS Solutions Architect Professional and FinOps certifications.

Over the last few years, he has focused that expertise on AI systems and workloads deployed on cloud — and runs ThotStack, an AI product deployed on AWS. He started ThinkXL to help startups build a strong foundation on cloud for their AI workloads.

What an AI Agent Costs Per Conversation on AgentCore

What an AI Agent Costs Per Conversation on AgentCore

You can read AgentCore's per-service rates straight off the AWS pricing page. What that page can't tell you — and what you actually need before you build a business on agents — is what one of your u

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Bedrock Agents vs AgentCore: What to Use Now

Bedrock Agents vs AgentCore: What to Use Now

Updated 2 September 2026: Amazon Bedrock Agents Classic moved to maintenance mode in June 2026. This post has been rewritten around the options that are actually available now. **Amazon Bedrock Age

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Connect Claude Code to Live AWS Tools with the Agent Toolkit

Connect Claude Code to Live AWS Tools with the Agent Toolkit

AI coding agents are getting remarkably capable — but they have a blind spot. The models powering them were trained on data that's months or years old. When you ask your agent about Amazon S3 Tables,

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Why Your AWS Bedrock Bill Makes No Sense (And How to Fix It)

Why Your AWS Bedrock Bill Makes No Sense (And How to Fix It)

When a startup says "our AWS bill is too high," the conversation almost always starts at the aggregate level — total monthly spend, a few large services, maybe a spike someone noticed. That's not wher

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AWS Bedrock Cost Structure: What You're Actually Paying For

AWS Bedrock Cost Structure: What You're Actually Paying For

AWS Bedrock looks simple from the outside — call an API, get a response, pay per token. The reality is that a production Bedrock setup has several distinct cost layers, and they behave very differentl

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AWS Bedrock vs SageMaker: How to Pick the Right One

AWS Bedrock vs SageMaker: How to Pick the Right One

If you're building an AI product on AWS, you'll hit this question early: Bedrock or SageMaker? The short answer is that they solve different problems, and most startups only need one. What Each Se

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Stretch Your Claude Code Budget with Bedrock Prompt Caching

Stretch Your Claude Code Budget with Bedrock Prompt Caching

Anthropic recently tightened usage limits on Claude Code — and if you're doing serious development work, you feel it. Long refactoring sessions, codebase-wide architecture questions, iterative debuggi

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When Is Self-Hosting an LLM Cheaper Than Bedrock?

When Is Self-Hosting an LLM Cheaper Than Bedrock?

Two questions send teams down this path: "our Bedrock bill is growing, should we run this on our own GPU?" and "we fine-tuned a Llama, where does it go?" For most teams the answer to both is no, a

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Cheaper Alternatives to AWS in 2026: What Each One Cuts

Cheaper Alternatives to AWS in 2026: What Each One Cuts

There is no single cheapest alternative to AWS, because AWS bills are not shaped the same way. A bill dominated by EC2 has a different answer from one dominated by egress, RDS or GPU-hours. And severa

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Deploying Engineering Resource Management Knowledge Graph on AWS

Deploying Engineering Resource Management Knowledge Graph on AWS

Resource planning in engineering orgs is a multi-hop problem. The data is there — skills, project history, availability — it's just stored in flat tables that you need to join on demand. This post wal

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Hetzner vs AWS: The Real Cost Difference in 2026

Hetzner vs AWS: The Real Cost Difference in 2026

For a standing 8-vCPU, 16 GB server, AWS charges about $212 per month on demand and Hetzner charges €20.99, or roughly $25. That is a factor of nine, and it is not a rounding error. The gap is also no

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RAG, GraphRAG, and Knowledge Graphs: What's Actually Different

RAG, GraphRAG, and Knowledge Graphs: What's Actually Different

LLMs are stateless. They don't know your documents, your internal data, or what changed last week. They're only as good as what you put in front of them. This gave rise to what's now called context en

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Leaving AWS for Hetzner: What You Have to Rebuild

Leaving AWS for Hetzner: What You Have to Rebuild

Moving from AWS to Hetzner keeps compute, block storage, private networking, load balancers, DNS and object storage, and replaces the managed database, the managed Kubernetes control plane, IAM, Cloud

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LLM Inference on AWS: Every Option Explained

LLM Inference on AWS: Every Option Explained

AWS gives you two fundamentally different ways to run an LLM -SageMaker, you provision and pay for the infrastructure that serves the model. Bedrock, AWS already runs the model, and you just call

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Model Evals: How to Know If You Can Use a Cheaper Model

Model Evals: How to Know If You Can Use a Cheaper Model

An eval, in the AI FinOps context, is a structured comparison: run a representative sample of real production inputs through your current model and a cheaper candidate, score both against a defined qu

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How to Build RAG on Your S3 Documents with Bedrock

How to Build RAG on Your S3 Documents with Bedrock

If your documents already sit in Amazon S3 and you want to ask questions of them, the shortest path on AWS is Amazon Bedrock Managed Knowledge Base: point it at the bucket, and it handles parsing,

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S3 Vectors vs OpenSearch Serverless for RAG on AWS

S3 Vectors vs OpenSearch Serverless for RAG on AWS

This is a choice you only face on the customer-managed path — if you have not ruled out the fully managed option yet, [building RAG on your S3 documents with Bedrock](/blog/rag-on-s3-documents-with-be

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What Is a Knowledge Graph?

What Is a Knowledge Graph?

A knowledge graph stores information as entities and the relationships between them — not rows and columns, but a web of connected facts. The Idea Is Simple Three building blocks:Nodes —

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What Is AI FinOps?

What Is AI FinOps?

AI FinOps is the practice of making AI workload costs visible, attributable, and optimizable — applied to the specific economics of model inference, where the unit of cost is the token, not the instan

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What Is Amazon Bedrock AgentCore? (And When to Use It)

What Is Amazon Bedrock AgentCore? (And When to Use It)

Amazon Bedrock AgentCore is a managed platform for deploying and operating AI agents you've already built — in any framework, with any model — without managing the runtime, memory, identity, or observ

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